WHAT DO WE EVALUATE IN SPORT MINDFULNESS INTERVENTIONS? A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF COMMONLY USED QUESTIONNAIRES

Abstract

Sílvia Solé

Objectives: Mindfulness is a concept describing the focus on the present moment, intentionally and without judgement. This approach has only recently been applied to sport psychology. The aim of the current review is to investigate which indicators and questionnaires are used in mindfulness research in sport, being specifically interested in mindfulness assessment. Methods: PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews and the recommendations of the Cochrane Collaboration were used. Literature searches were conducted in Psychinfo, PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Results: From 2,203 records initially retrieved, 17 articles were included. The results show that mindfulness, anxiety and acceptance are the most commonly studied psychological indicators. The Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire is the most frequently used mindfulness scale. We also discuss the possibility of using physiological indicators as complementary assessment. Conclusions: It is recommended to specifically adapt some questionnaires, such is already done with the Sport Anxiety Scale or the Mindfulness Inventory for Sport, for their use in sport psychology.